Smart directional radiation protection system for wireless mobile device to reduce sar

ABSTRACT

The smart directional radiation protection system is a design and technique for actively varying, controlling and reducing the intensity of radiation  180  on user  170  facing direction for portable wireless mobile devices like mobile cell phone  100  utilising RF system with tunable metamaterial or tunable EBG antenna system to reduce SAR are disclosed. The system controls the radiation by smart and active dynamic radiation pattern approach to protect the user from radiation. The smart directional radiation protection system consist of (a) a sensor system  130  to determine the change in usage mode, device orientation and proximity of wireless device to user and accordingly generate the trigger signal  230 ; (b) a processing unit for manipulation of interrupt control signal  140  according to trigger signal and signal quality parameters; (c) An active directional transmit power or radiation controller  120  that works based on control signal; (d) Tunable metamaterial or tunable EBG antenna system  110  coupled with directional transmit power controller  120  that controls the radiation on user  170  facing direction and also restores radiation according to parameters and configuration to reduce SAR and optimise communication.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention is related to mobile communication andparticularly to smart directional radiation protection system forwireless mobile devices that works based on combination of operatingmodes or usage scenarios, device orientation and proximity of device tothe user and focus on actively controlling the intensity of radiationfacing the user utilising RF system with tunable metamaterial or tunableEBG antenna system thereby reducing the SAR.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

To communicate with the network, mobile phones radiate electromagneticwaves when being used. The antennas in these wireless devices are usedfor receiving and radiating transmitted signal for communication. Theseantennas are the source of radiation that are handled close against itsusers which leads to greater exposure and absorption of radiation by theusers head and body. It is not been proved that the generally handledpositions of mobile phones to be absolutely safe and is not hazardous.

Recently World Health Organization has classified mobile phone radiationas possibly carcinogenic. In addition to cancer issue lot of otherpossible health concerns the radiation can leads to are electromagnetichypersensitivity, thermal or heating effect, non thermal effect,genotoxic effect, fatigue, loss of memory, cognitive effect, sleepeffect, ringing ears, effect on system's like pacemaker & hearing aidetc. Research conducted regarding health concerns of radiation haveincreased, papers are published and researches are carried on regardingthe long term effects of radiation and its medical complications. Somestudies result shows that the penetration level of radiation is more inchildren's and can also have effect on baby of pregnant women's. Severalstudies investigating the potential health effects of radiation on brainelectrical activity, joint pain, heart rate, blood pressure, immunesystem are under the way.

Regulatory Government bodies around the world have adopted internationalsafety guidelines developed by scientific organizations governing theexposure to RF radiation and the mobile phones are designed to operatewithin these stringent limits. Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is themeasure of amount of radiation or electromagnetic energy absorbed bybody when exposed to radiating devices like mobile phone and has unitsof watts per kilogram (W/kg). It's a difficult to build an antennasystem with more filed strength for better communication and reducedSAR.

There are some designs to reduce SAR and the main drawback with thesedesigns that uses power regulator, power governing systems etc are itmainly focus on reducing the overall transmit power levels which in turnreduces the signal strength and the possibility of the signal to reachthe base station that affects the quality of communication. Also somedesigns are mainly concerned about the reducing the transmit powerlevels and not taking signal strength and quality parameters intoaccount to decide on how the transmitted power should be which can leadsto degradation in communication quality.

OBJECTIVE OF INVENTION

Objective of the invention is to protect the user from mobile cell phoneradiation and its adverse health effects simultaneously maintaining thequality of communication.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To address the issues with other designs and to reduce SAR, the presentinvention provides a smart directional transmit power or radiationprotection system for wireless mobile device utilising RF system withtunable metamaterial or tunable EBG antenna system is presented. Insteadof reducing the overall radiated power with other designs to reduce SARthe present invention primarily focus on multi mode dynamic radiationpattern for actively varying, controlling and reducing the intensity ofradiation on direction facing the user and accordingly maintaining theradiation on other directions taking signal quality parameters intoaccount to maintain quality of communication.

According to one aspect of present invention the location sensor likeproximity or contact sensor will sense the proximity of wireless mobiledevice to the user during scenarios like direct phone call conversationand trigger the processing unit. The processing unit manipulate thecontrol signal based on trigger and signal quality parameters todetermine how the radiation has to be controlled. According to controlsignal the directional transmit power controller will regulate tunablemetamaterial or tunable EBG antenna system to control the radiationfacing the user.

According to another aspect of present invention the trigger signal isbased on usage mode or scenarios like speaker mode or hands free orheadset detection, belt pouch or clip sensor, key pad or touch screendetection, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth mode, sensing wireless modem mode or datatransfer mode, cradle or holder sensor, etc. The processing unit willanalyse the corresponding trigger signal from either one or combinationof multiple components with signal quality parameters to determine thenature of the control signal to directional transmit power controller.The directional transmit power controller will direct the tunablemetamaterial or tunable EBG antenna system accordingly to alter andcontrol the radiation facing the user to reduce the SAR.

In yet another aspect of the present invention to further enhance theradiation protection the sensor system utilises orientation sensors likegyro sensor, accelerometer and similar sensors to actively sense thechange in orientation of the device and accordingly align the directionof controlling and reducing of radiation facing the user with tunablemetamaterial or tunable EBG antenna system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DIAGRAM

To get a comprehensive understanding of the design, diagrams aredescribed by examples.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the user body exposure to radiation ofwireless mobile device with the dotted lines representing the controlledand reduced radiation on user facing direction as per the presentinvention.

FIG. 2 illustrates the front and top view diagrams of wireless deviceradiation incident on user head and the dotted lines representing thecontrolled and reduced radiation on direction facing user head.

FIG. 3 illustrates the block diagram of portable wireless device withcomponents of smart radiation protection system designed according tothe present invention.

FIG. 4 illustrates the flowchart and describes the method of operationof the smart radiation protection system of the wireless mobile deviceaccording to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The main aim of the smart directional radiation protection system is toachieve the optimised solution by reducing SAR simultaneouslymaintaining the quality of communication. The system generally works inreal time by varying, controlling and reducing the electromagneticradiation on user facing direction utilising tuneable metamaterial orEBG antenna system 110 in accordance with the signal quality parameters.

FIG. 1 illustrates the components of the wireless network according tothe present invention consisting of Wireless Mobile device 100, User170, Base station 190 and the radiation facing the user 180. Tocommunicate with the network wireless mobile device 100 radiateelectromagnetic waves which are received by the base station 190 toconnect with the backbone network. During this communication the antennaof the mobile device 100 radiates power widely in all direction. Thisleads to portion of radiation 180 facing the user 170 to be absorbed byuser body which leads to lot of medical complications. The radiationprotection system is mainly concerned about varying and reducing theintensity of radiation 180 facing the user 170 while maintaining theradiation on other directions. The dotted lines in the diagram on userfacing direction illustrate the controlling of radiation intensity 180from wireless device to reduce SAR as per present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates the radiation incident on user head 175 from wirelessmobile device 100 with front and top view diagrams and the dotted linesrepresenting the controlled and reduced radiation 180 on directionfacing head as per the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram describing the working principle of smartradiation protection system and the integral components of wirelessmobile device 100 as per the present invention. The block diagram givesa brief description about various integral components like tunablemetamaterial or EBG based antenna system 110, directional transmit powercontroller 120, sensor system 130, trigger signal 230, interrupt controlsignal 140, microprocessor 150, transceiver 160 etc. In general mobilecell phones consist of microprocessor 150 that controls the overallfunctions of the device. The microprocessor 150 handles lot ofoperations and the disclosed invention mainly describes aboutmicroprocessor 150 interacting with sensor system 130, trigger signal230, interrupt control signal 140, transceiver 160, directional transmitpower controller 120 etc.

According to one aspect of the present invention the sensor system 130determines the proximity of the wireless device 100 to the user 170utilising proximity sensor and will send the corresponding triggersignal 230 to the microprocessor 150. The microprocessor 150 initiateinterrupt service routine based on trigger signal from sensor system130. The character of trigger signal 230 and transceivers 160 signalquality parameters are used by the microprocessor 150 to manipulate thenature of the interrupt control signal 140 to directional transmit poweror radiation controller 120. Based on the interrupt control signal 140the directional transmit power controller 120 actively controls theradiation on required direction facing the user utilising tunable EBG ormetamaterial antenna system 110. Even one or more proximity sensors canbe used by sensor system 130 to determine the proximity of device touser head and body for generating the trigger signal. Suitable proximitysensor can be utilised for the sensor system, examples are as followsbut not limited to electromagnetic or electrostatic sensors, acoustic,inductive, thermal, echo, capacitive, infrared, eddy current etc.

According to another aspect of the present invention the sensor system130 will determine the change in usage mode or scenarios of mobiledevice by sensing direct call conversation, speaker mode, hands free,headset detection, bluetooth mode, belt pouch or clip sensor, key pad ortouch screen detection, sensing wireless modem mode or data transfermode, cradle or holder sensor etc and generate trigger signal 230. Themicroprocessor 150 computes the control signal 140 to directionalradiation controller 120 based on signal from either one or combinationof multiple sensors and operating modes simultaneously accounting signalquality parameters from transceiver 160. Based on the interrupt controlsignal 140 the directional radiation controller 120 will control theradiation on user facing direction with tunable EBG or tunablemetamaterial antenna system 110.

In yet another aspect of the present invention to further enhance theefficiency of radiation protection system in addition to other sensorsthe sensor system 130 utilises Gyro sensor, accelerometer or similarsensor to actively sense the change in orientation of the wirelessmobile device 100 and accordingly control the direction and intensity ofradiation on user facing direction. The orientation of the wirelessmobile device 100 changes depends on usage scenarios for example duringcall conversation the user might use the device in different orientationangles and positions like while standing, sitting on a chair, laying ona bed etc, which leads to different orientation of device. Socontrolling the radiation on user facing direction should also alignaccording to the orientation of the device to efficiently reduce theSAR. Based on the trigger signal 230 from orientation sensors 130 andsignal quality parameters from transceiver 160 the microprocessor 150manipulate the nature of control signal 140 to directional powercontroller 120. The directional radiation controller 120 controls theradiation pattern according to the control signal 140 with tunable EBGor tunable metamaterial antenna system to protect the user fromradiation. The use of this application is not limited to above scenariosbut can also be enhanced to others scenarios and combinations not listedhere provided the scenarios are within the scope of the presentinvention.

As the system works for the safety of the user High priority interruptcan be assigned for manipulating the control signal 140 if a generalmicroprocessor is used. In another aspect of the present invention adedicated RF processing unit can be used for the manipulation of controlsignal 140 to directional radiation power controller 120 or in yetanother aspect the directional transmit power controller 120 itself canbe used for the manipulation of the control signal 140 by takingcorresponding parameters.

The smart directional radiation protection system controls the radiationby active multimode or variable radiation pattern utilising tuneablemetamaterials or tunable EBG antenna system 110 that provides variableresponse and ability to influence the interacting electromagnetic waveto determine whether the EM wave is transmitted, reflected, redirected,absorbed etc. In general metamaterials and EBG are most commonlycomposed of small elements, typically built onto circuit boards orassembled using nanofabrication techniques, whose feature size issignificantly smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wavesthey are intended to manipulate. The lattice structure of the tuneablemetamaterial and EBG is adjusted in real time, making it possible toreconfigure the structure during operation. The antenna design of smartdirectional radiation protection system works by activating differentpattern of tuneable EBG and metamaterial elements that act according toconfiguration by actively controlling the radiation intensity inrequired direction and time. Also the antenna design uses either one orcombination of following but not limited to tunable Metamaterials,tunable Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG), High Impedance Surface (HIS) orArtificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC), Negative Index Material (NIM),Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS), Split-ring Resonator (SRR), MicroElectro Mechanical System (MEMS), antenna arrays or diversity with RFsystem to achieve dynamic radiation pattern, beamforming, beam steeringetc. The system can be designed to adopt different multi band antennaswith several type of feeding mechanism.

The nature of varying and controlling the intensity of radiation facingthe user is based on combination of parameters like usage scenarios oroperating modes, user proximity, device orientation and signal qualitywhile limiting the maximum transmit power level as per the compliancewith SAR safety guidelines. The change in radiation pattern is balancedand tuned in achieving between least SAR and best signal quality by alsoaccounting received signal parameters so that the quality ofcommunication is not compromised. The instructions regarding how theradiation pattern is altered are predetermined and tested. The designcan works in conjunction with change in overall radiated power takingsignal quality parameters into account to maintain the quality ofcommunication while limiting maximum transmit power levels according tocompliance & standards. Thus the design reduces the SAR with optimisedcommunication quality.

When there is a change in transmit power level of fixed radiationpattern, the change will take place with over all transmit power levelaccording to radiation pattern. Instead of fixed radiation patternapproach the present invention provides an active dynamic radiationpattern solution that can change and adapt to various radiation patternwhich in turn alters the intensity of radiation in required directionand time according to scenarios to protect user from radiation. Usuallythe phones are designed to have a major radiation pattern on the rearside or other side facing the user and minor radiation pattern on frontor user facing direction to reduce SAR also providing communication whenmajor radiation pattern is blocked by usage or placed on conductiveplatform. So permanently reducing the intensity of radiation on userfacing direction can have negative effect on quality of communicationbased on usage scenario; for example when the device major radiationpattern side is placed down on conductive platforms will leads toelectromagnetic waves interacting with the platform which in turn candegrades the quality of communication as most of the signal intensityare blocked. The present invention provides a fine tuning andcontrollable radiation on the user facing direction while maintainingthe radiation on other direction that works according to different usagescenarios of mobile device 100 to achieve the balancing between leastSAR and best signal quality. Also when the device is not in proximity tothe user like device works on speaker mode, used for data transfer or aninternet modem, the system will dynamically change its radiation patternto improve the quality of communication.

FIG. 4 is the flowchart of the system describing the method of operationof the design according to the invention. By starting with 210 thesensor system 130 determines the change in usage of the device and willaccordingly generate the trigger signal 230 when usage criteria match ordevice proximity to the user. The system determines the state of triggersignal to decide on further action 240. The received signal quality isanalyzed and computation is performed to determine the nature of thecontrol signal for varying the directional transmission of radiationwith corresponding least SAR 250. Based on the control signal theantenna system varies and controls the directional transmission &intensity of radiation on the user facing direction to reduce the SAR260. The trigger signal 230 can vary based on the wireless deviceproximity to user, usage mode or scenario and orientation of the mobiledevice. If the phone is not in proximity to the user or not matchesother criteria then the wireless device will follow the standardtransmission 270 according to preset network transmits configuration andends with 280.

The system helps in reducing the instantaneous and overall SAR,minimising short term and long term effect of radiations with reduceddegree of radiation penetration levels thereby reducing the effect ofradiation efficiently. This design not only helps in reducing the SAR,but also can reduce the interference with other systems like pacemaker,hearing aid etc. This protection can either be either automatically ormanually enabled and disabled with hard or soft switch depends upon thedesign and usage.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to listedscenarios described here or its combinations and the above presented arejust examples. There may be other scenarios and those who skilled infield can understand and modify, enhance, alter the herein systemwithout departing from the scope of the invention in its widest form.

1-20. (canceled)
 21. The smart active antenna radiation patternoptimising system for wireless mobile device comprise of a) A sensorsystem to actively generate trigger signal based on parameterscomprising of—particularly with actively sensing the nature or propertyof device platform & environment, sensing environments—dimension,direction, multilayers, range or distance & position with respect todevice, simultaneously sensing multiple environments surrounding thedevice, visual & infrared sensing, precise user & other environmentrecognition through property sensing, device orientation sensing,direction, location & altitude sensing, MSP, ambient intelligence,operating modes and usage scenarios of the device. b) A processing unitfor computing the control signal based on parameters comprising ofcomputing environments—property, dimension, direction, distance orrange, multi layers & position with respect to device, precisely sensingeffect of environment on antenna based on property, precisely sensinghuman presence based on property with direction, dimension & range withrespect to device, antenna detuning effects, effect on near & farfields, change in impedance, magnitude of radiation pattern distortion,property based user sensing thereby precisely sensing head, body & handhold effects, face & iris recognition, SWR or return loss, antennaorientation, excitation phase, actively shared parameters betweencommunicating devices, RSSI, channel capacity and existing signalquality parameters are all compared with predetermined & testedcorrelation table parameters in an active, adoptive and closed loopmanner for precisely computing diffraction, effect of and effect onenvironment thereby computing beam width, gain & directivity ultimatelyto optimise antenna radiation pattern to enhance signal quality bydirecting radiation on feasible & right direction, protecting the userby controlling the radiation exposure on user facing direction whilemaintaining radiations on other directions to sustain communication andto save battery power by controlling radiation in less effectivedirections. c) Smart radiation pattern optimiser that act according tothe control signal. d) Smart antenna system capable achieving dynamicradiation pattern is coupled with radiation pattern optimiser thatactively controls, shapes and optimise the radiation pattern accordingto above mentioned scenarios. Also the system comprise of smartreconfigurable antenna system with the knowledge of relative antennaorientations to actively match the polarisation thereby to increase gainand control Polarisation Loss Factor. Smart RF/Transceiver system withsignal processing capability which is a combination of transmitter andreceiver coupled with radiation pattern optimiser. The system utilisesignal processing capability & algorithms to act according to scenarios.e) The system actively sense, shapes & controls the radiation on userfacing direction and affecting environments while maintaining theradiation on other directions to sustain communication. In extremescenarios where the signal quality is very weak or drops below thresholdthe present system provides more flexibility by precisely sensing andimproving signal quality as well as protecting user by maintaining theradiations on user facing directions according to SAR compliance andstandards while altering the intensity on other direction to sustaincommunication. Besides controlling the direction of radiation based onnature of environment and reconfigure antenna system to matchpolarisation; the system actively restores radiation pattern accordingto scenarios to optimise communication. The system actively sensemultiple environments surrounding the device and checks for appropriatespace & environment based on its property, dimension, direction, range,location, position, device orientation, diffraction, usage scenarios,operating modes and signal quality parameters for selecting the bestfeasible directions to actively shape and optimise the radiationpattern. f) The system comprise of hard, soft and combination switchesaccording to the design for enabling and disabling the system.
 22. Themobile device comprise of sensor system that works based on one orcombination of sensors, operating modes and usage scenarios. a) Thesensor for sensor system is selected form the group comprising ofproperty sensing sensors, distance or range sensor, optical sensors,visual & infrared sensors, 2D & 3D sensors, orientation sensors,accelerometer, gyro sensor, directional sensors, E-compass ormagnetometer, position & location sensor, temperature sensor, humidity &moisture sensor, ultrasonic sensors, altitude sensor, belt pouch sensor,clip sensor, cradle or holster sensor. b) The property sensing sensorsand sensor arrays capable of scanning, detecting and sensing theproperty or nature of various—environments and biological tissues withits direction, dimension, positions, multi layers & range with respectto device there by precisely sensing user head, body & handhold effects,effects of & effect on platform & environment of mobile device. Theparameters utilised for sensing comprise of permittivity-∈,permeability-μ, conductivity-σ, susceptibility, dielectric, capacitivesensing, capacitive displacement sensing, inductive sensing, organic andinorganic sensing. The sensor system utilise one or more propertysensing sensors & sensor arrays optimally placed in various locations &positions according to device design for more precisely sensing in allpossible directions. The property sensing sensor are selected fromelectromagnetic sensors, electrostatic sensors, acoustic, inductive,thermal, echo, capacitive, infrared, eddy current, ambient light, active& passive sensors. c) a) One or more sensors or cameras with visual,infrared, ultrasonic and its combinations are optimally located in themobile device according to the design for scanning & sensing theenvironment, user presence, face & body recognition with autofocus, irisrecognition, imaging, scanning & sensing in multi direction & dimension,computing distance range of user & other environment with respect todevice. The infrared cameras utilised comprise of active infrared,passive infrared and its combinations. The system utilises 360 degree oromnidirectional sensors & cameras, popup cameras, existing front & rearcameras, side cameras, 2D & 3D cameras with the lenses utilisedcomprising of regular camera lens, super ultra wide angle lens, fisheyelense, extreme angle broadband metamaterial lenses, tuneablemetamaterial lenses, super lenses, opto fluidics lenses, tuneable lensesultimately for scanning and detecting the environment in all possibledirection. According to design & scenarios the system utilise fisheyelens for sensing the change in environment and utilise other appropriatefeasible lens cameras for further tracking of the objects in theenvironment. d) Gyro sensor, accelerometer, inclinometer, E-Compass ormagnetometer to sense the change in orientation and direction of themobile device. The sensors utilised are selected with one to multidimension and axis sensing capability. e) Distance or range sensors andcameras are selected form the ultrasonic range sensor, infrared rangesensor, electromagnetic range sensors, acoustic range sensor, visualrange sensor, photo electric range sensor that are optimally located tosense the range of user and environment with respect to mobile device inall possible directions. f) Optimally located one or more thermo graphicor IR sensors, temperature sensors, sensors detecting environmentsproperty with multilayer sensing, ambient light sensors, electromagneticsensors, orientation sensors, sensing usage scenarios and operatingmodes with predetermined & tested lookup tables are utilised to moreprecisely sense the mobile device in user pockets & pouch withorientation. g) MIC and ambient light sensor to sense the change insound and ambient light level on the environment of the mobile device.h) Temperature, moisture and humidity sensors to sense the environmentof the mobile device. i) The operating modes and usage scenarioscomprising of direct phone call mode, speaker mode, hands free mode,headset detection, video call mode, Bluetooth mode, detecting key pad &touch screen usage, display orientation, Wi-Fi mode, internet access &browsing, download mode, games, streaming, standby mode, sensing datatransfer and wireless modem mode. j) Position & location systems areselected from GPS, AGPS, GLONASS, satellite based positioning system,WiFi positioning system, cell sight positioning system, Bluetoothpositioning, Hybrid positioning system to sense the location & positionof the mobile device. k) The sensor system utilising device displayitself as sensor for sensing property, direction, dimension and range ofenvironment. l) In case if the parameters need to be obtained is out ofscope of one sensor, the system smartly & actively switch betweenmultiple feasible sensors and other associated sensors to continue withtracking and obtaining of parameters for further processing. As theproperty sensing sensor system has certain range limits, beyond whichthe present system may utilise visual and infrared sensors for scanningand sensing the environment. The present system smartly toggles betweensensors according to design, configurations and scenarios ultimately toobtain the environmental parameters and to optimise battery power. m)The sensor system utilise sensors comprising of fixed and tuneablesensitivity & range are selected according to design, configurations andscenarios. The sensor systems precision levels, sensing depth ofdimension and multi layer sensing are utilised according to design &requirements.
 23. The mobile device comprise of processing unit forcomputing the control signal. The processing unit works in an active,smart and adaptive closed loop manner with the type and their functionsare selected from the group comprising of a) A general purpose mobileprocessor utilised for the computing the control signal. b) A dedicatedRF signal processing unit utilised for computing the control signal. c)The smart radiation pattern optimiser or RF/transceiver system itself isutilised for computing the control signal. d) The interrupt controlsignal form signal processing unit are utilised for actively shaping &optimising the radiation pattern and for controlling polarization. e) Asthe system work with critical functions of the mobile devices comprisingof—signal quality enhancement, protecting user form radiation, savingbattery life a high priority interrupts are assigned for computing andsignal processing. f) Correlation tables or lookup tables are thecomparison tables that are saved in memory of mobile device and areutilised by the processing unit to actively check and compare theeffects between predetermined and tested real world scenarios to theactual real world scenarios with which the system precisely sense theuser and various environments based on property, effect of and onenvironment with usage scenarios, operating modes and computingdiffraction limits to actively shape & optimise the antenna radiationpattern accordingly in a smart, adaptive closed loop manner to protectthe user while maintaining signal strength to signal quality ratio. g)The processing unit utilize predetermined and tested field mapping tableor lookup table for sensing, comparing, computing and matching theeffects between sensor system parameters and antenna radiations therebyto actively optimise the radiation pattern. h) The processing unitaccording to communication system and corresponding acting modes of thedevices actively shares information and utilise one or more parametersbetween the communicating devices to direct, shape and optimise theradiation pattern between devices. The parameters shared comprising ofproperty of devices environment, device orientations, position &location, range, altitude, in addition to existing signal qualityparameters. i) As multiple parameters are taken into account byprocessing unit for computing beam forming vector, shaping & optimisingthe radiation pattern the processing unit optimise the performance bytaking one or more parameters according to scenarios, communicationsystem design and acting modes with ultimately prioritising & optimisingto achieve best signal quality, protect user by reducing radiationexposure levels and to save battery power. j) The processing unitcomputes and controls the antenna system of the communicating devices tomatch to one common or reference polarization else based on the activelyshared information to optimise the polarization of all communicatingdevices. k) The processing unit utilise either analysed, predeterminedand tested lookup tables designed & developed with differentorientations of the devices or based on actively shared information toreconfigure the antenna system in real time to dynamically synchronisewith change in device orientation to match the polarisation between orwith respect to corresponding communicating devices thereby mitigatingthe power loss due to polarization mismatch and to control polarisationloss factor. l) As the processing unit utilise multiple sensors &parameters the system smartly coordinate between the sensors to optimisethe performance and to save battery power. The processing unit active &smartly toggle between multiple feasible and associated sensorsaccording to scenarios, usage & operating modes for continuous sensingand acquiring tracking parameters thereby to enhance the precision ofthe system and to save battery power. The processing unit controls thesensor system by smartly turning off the out of scope sensorsaccordingly to save the battery power. m) The processing unit utiliseDigital Signal Processing and Digital Image Processing to compute theinformation from the sensors. The sensor system parameters are utilisedby the processing unit for user recognition, face recognition, irisrecognition and environment sensing with dimension and range. n) Theprocessing unit performs multi directional antenna amplification basedon sensor system parameters, usage scenario, operating modes, signalquality parameters and channel capacity thereby the data transfer ratesare optimised between or across the antennas. o) The processing unitcompute to optimise the radiation pattern based on sensor systemparameters, signal quality parameters, usage and operating modes,predetermined and tested lookup table, actively shared parametersbetween communicating devices. p) The processing unit utilises antennasystem itself as a property sensor.
 24. The mobile device said in claim21, comprise of smart RF antenna system with signal processingcapability for actively optimising radiation pattern through radiationpattern shaping, controlling gain & directivity, adaptive beamforming,beam steering, switching, antenna diversity, spatial processing &filtering, spatial diversity, diversity gain, pattern diversity,polarization diversity, reconfigure antenna system & controllingexcitation phase to match polarization, multidirectional antennaamplification, controlling transmit power levels are selected from oneor combinations comprising of a) Antenna system utilising MIMO andantenna arrays. b) Antenna system utilising metamaterials andElectromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) fabricated antenna. c) Antenna systemutilising plasma and gas antennas. d) Antenna system that utilise one orcombination of tunable—High Impedance Surface (HIS) or ArtificialMagnetic Conductor (AMC), Negative Index Material (NIM), periodicarrays, Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS), Split-Ring Resonator (SRR),reconfigurable antennas, Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC) board antennas,reconfigurable multi frequency microstrip patch antenna, Micro ElectraMechanical System (MEMS), planar or non coplanar antennas, e) Antennasystem utilise one or combination of techniques relating to spatialprocessing and filtering, Method of Moments (MOM), ComputationalElectromagnetics (CEM) or Electromagnetic Modelling, Finite ImpulseResponse (FIR), Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD), diversitytechniques. f) Antenna system design comprise of one or more radiatingelement that supports single band, dual band, triple band, quad band,penia band, multi band frequencies with related parameters to achievedynamic radiation pattern. g) Antenna system utilising internalantennas, external antennas and its combinations with various locationsand feeding mechanisms. h) Antenna system utilising antenna arrays,diversity techniques, adaptive arrays, flexible antennas and PIFAarrays. i) Antenna system utilising reconfigurable antennas to shape andoptimise radiation pattern. j) Antenna system utilising reconfigurableantennas to actively vary & match the polarization to controlpolarization loss factor. Antenna system actively senses the change inrelative device orientation between communicating devices therebyreconfigure the antennas and vary excitation phase accordingly to match& optimise polarization. k) Antenna system works in an active, adaptive& closed loop manner with sensing, computing and optimising radiationpattern. l) The antenna system sense the signal quality degradation andtrigger the processing unit to check with sensor system parametersthereby to compute and optimise the radiation pattern for enhancing thesignal quality. m) Antenna system comprising of common and dedicatedantennas for transmission and reception.
 25. The mobile device of claim21, further comprise of a transceiver circuit or RE system that transmitand receive signals. The circuitry is selected from a) Circuitry consistof combination of both transmitter and receiver b) Circuitry consist ofseparate transmitter and receiver
 26. The lookup table said in claim 23,comprising of field the mapping tables, threshold level tables,correlation tables that are the comparison tables saved in memory ofmobile device and are utilised by the processing unit to actively checkand compare the effects between predetermined and tested real worldscenarios to the actual real world scenarios with which the systemactively shape & optimise the antenna radiation pattern accordingly in asmart and adaptive closed loop manner and also for precisely sensing theuser, various environments and usage scenarios. a) The values in thetables are designed and developed by taking parameters comprisingof—various property of environment, effect & range of environments,sensing multilayer of environment, sensing various locations &positions, sensing user, head, body & handhold effects, impedance, gain,return loss or SWR, Received Signal Strength Identifier (RSSI) or ActiveSet Update (ASU), channel capacity, near field & far field effects,various signal quality parameters, transmit power levels, Signal tonoise and interference ratio (SNIR), Total Isotropic Sensitivity (TIS),Total Radiated Power (TRP), device orientations, polarization lossfactor (PLF), oblique instincts, visual & thermo graphic sensing, effectof mobile device platform, user body band of dielectric values, userbody band of infrared frequencies or wavelengths, diffraction &diffraction limits, effect of & effect on various environments,operating mode and usage scenarios are all tested at various real worldscenario and frequencies are utilised by processing unit according toscenarios and communication system design. b) The above parameters andits values in the tables are utilised by the system to determine thechange in environment with its property & direction, user sensing,conductive & dielectric nature, magnitude of radiation patterndistortion, location & position, antenna orientation and its effectscaused more precisely thereby to shape & optimise the radiation patternaccordingly. c) The processing unit utilise analysed, predetermined andtested field mapping table or threshold levels table developed bysensing and comparing the effect of different environments on radiationpattern or field distortion between the antennas and property sensingsensor system. The tables contain values of parameters comprising ofpermittivity-∈, permeability-μ, conductivity-σ, susceptibility,dielectric, capacitive sensing, capacitive displacement sensing,inductive sensing, sensing organic and inorganic materials to moreprecisely sense the nature of environment and user body band ofdielectric values for sensing user. d) The processing unit utiliseanalysed, predetermined and tested threshold levels table designed &developed with different orientations of the devices to dynamicallysynchronise with change in device orientation to match the polarisationbetween or with respect to corresponding communicating devices therebymitigating the power loss due to polarization mismatch and controlpolarisation loss factor. Orientation threshold levels and correspondingantenna oblique instincts are utilised in designing the table which inturn is utilised to vary & reconfigure the antenna orientation andexcitation phase. e) The resolutions of the tables are designed,calibrate and fine tuned according to the configurations andrequirements.
 27. The active sharing of parameters said in claim 23, areutilised by the processing unit according to communication system andcorresponding acting modes of the devices to actively sharesinformation's and utilise one or more parameters between thecommunicating devices comprising of property of devices environment,device orientations, position & location, altitude, in addition toexisting signal quality parameters; thereby to direct, shape andoptimise the radiation pattern between devices. a) The system utiliseactively shared information regarding property of environment, usagescenarios, operating modes, existing signal quality parameters, range,location & position, of the communicating devices between to check forthe direction and distance with respect to devices thereby to activelydirect, shape and optimise the radiation pattern between devices. b) Theactively shared antenna orientation information is utilised to matchpolarisation between communicating devices thereby to control power lossdue to PLF. c) The processing unit utilise Location & positioning systemto determine the direction of the communicating devices with respect toeach other based actively shared information thereby shaping &optimising radiation pattern accordingly. d) The processing unit utilisemaster/slave architecture according to the communication system andcorresponding acting modes of the devices for sharing information whereall the clients checks with master's information or parameters and adoptaccordingly. e) The processing unit in case of ad-hoc, one to one andmesh network where the devices optimise the radiation pattern betweencommunicating devices and adapt to common or reference polarisationaccording to the actively shared information.
 28. The processing unitsaid in claim 23, computes the control signal to achieve optimisedradiation pattern based on sensor system parameters, signal qualityparameters, predetermined & tested lookup table, usage scenarios &operating modes there by precisely sensing the effect of environmentbased on property, direction, dimension, location, position, range ofuser and environment with respect to device, sensing user body, head &hand hold effects, device orientation, visual & IR sensing, change inantenna impedance, lookup table, actively shared parameters, SWR orreturn loss, user recognition, power loss due to polarization lossfactor (PLF), oblique instincts in addition to existing signal qualityparameters comprising of gain, Received Signal Strength Identifier(RSSI) or Active Set Update (ASU), Direction of Arrival (DOA), channelcapacity, antenna sensitivity, signal strength to signal quality ratio,Signal to noise and interference ratio (SNIR), Total IsotropicSensitivity (TIS), transmit power level, Total Radiated Power (TRP),diffraction limits in a active, adoptive and closed loop manner.
 29. Theantenna system said in claim 21, itself act as sensors in sensing thechange in environment based on change in antenna impedance (mismatch),gain, SWR or return loss across the one or multiple antennas which areutilised for sensing the effect of environment and its direction withrespect to device (antenna) thereby shaping and optimising the radiationpattern according to predetermined and tested lookup table, designedwith various real world scenarios and different frequencies according tothe system design. The magnitude of change in parameters impedance,gain, radiation pattern distortion, SWR are compared with lookup tableand utilised for sensing the effect of environment and its direction.The system works in an active, adoptive and closed loop manner forsensing, monitoring, comparing, computing and optimising radiationpattern to achieve optimised performance.
 30. The mobile device said inclaim 21, utilise optical or visual & infrared cameras or sensors forsensing the user presence with direction, range, dimension andaccordingly shape the radiation pattern to protect the user as well asto optimise signal quality. As the property sensing sensor system hascertain range limits, beyond which the present system may utilise visualand infrared cameras for scanning and sensing the environment. Thepresent system smartly toggles between sensors according to design,configurations and scenarios ultimately to obtain the environmentalparameters and to optimise battery power a) The system utilises one ormore visual, thermal or infrared cameras and range sensors that areoptimally located in the device to sense the user presence and otherenvironments in all possible directions. b) The cameras and rangesensors scans for users and environment in all possible directions withsensing dimension, direction & range of user and environment withrespect to device. According to design & scenarios the system utilisefisheye lens for sensing the change in environment and utilise otherappropriate feasible lens cameras for further tracking of user in theenvironment. c) The system works with existing front & rear cameras andother optimally located feasible cameras and sensors according to designto sense the environment in all possible directions. d) The system worksirrespective of availability of light or pitch dark environmentutilising lookup table with human body's band of infrared frequencies orwave lengths for sensing the user with thermal imaging. e) The systemworks with preconfigured settings and user configured settings. f) Thesystem utilise property sensing sensors, MIC, ambient light sensors,face recognition with autofocus, iris recognition, active Digital SignalProcessing and Digital Image Processing to enhance the precision insensing the user and environment. g) The system computes the direction,dimension, diffraction limits, range of the user and environment withpredetermined and tested correlation table parameters to shape theradiation pattern accordingly thereby to protect the user as well as tosustain signal quality. h) The system smartly turns off the out of scopecameras and range sensors based on nature of trigger signal fromassociated sensor to save battery power.
 31. The processing unit said inclaim 23, is utilised with application for guiding the user to selectthe optimum location and position for using the mobile device in userliving space thereby to achieve best signal quality and to save batterypower. The processing unit utilise sensor system parameters, signalquality parameters, channel capacity, usage scenarios & operating modesfor the computing and detecting the optimum location. The system alsoalerts the user regarding low signal quality and high EMI.
 32. Thesensor system said in claim 22, are utilised to alert the user regardingthe unattended parameters comprising of incoming calls, mails, messages,meetings, to do note, schedule task, alarms, critical situations etc byautomatically sensing the user presence once the user is back toenvironment and within the scope of sensor system a) The system utilisesone or more visual, thermal or infrared sensors and cameras to sense theuser presence. b) The system works with existing front & rear cameraswith all other optimally located feasible cameras and sensors accordingto design ultimately to detect the user in all possible directions.According to design, configuration & scenarios the system utilisefisheye lens for sensing the change in environment and utilise otherappropriate feasible lens cameras for detecting & track the users in theenvironment. c) The system works irrespective of availability of lightor zero light environment utilising correlation table with human body'sband of infrared frequencies or wave lengths for sensing the user withthermal imaging. The system utilise active and passive infrared sensorsor cameras for sensing the user. d) The system utilise Digital Signal &Image Processing, MIC and ambient light sensor to enhance the precisionof the system in sensing the users on environment. e) The system workswith preconfigured settings and user configured settings. f) The systemutilise face recognition & iris recognition to alert the actual mobileuser in case of multiple people exist in the environment and scope ofsensor system. g) When the user is back the system alerts & interactswith the user through display, ring tone, vibrating and voice alert ormessage. h) The system comprise of provision for interacting with userand controlling through voice command, gesture and recognition thatworks with or without user taking the mobile device to check theinformation regarding unattended parameters & alerts and utilise voicecontrol & gesture to control and interact with the device functions likephone call, message, text to speech & vice versa for message and mails.The mobile device interacts with the user through voice message,vibrations, ringtone, display and its combinations. Voice commands mayalso be utilised by the user to check for missed parameters & search themobile device which is sensed by the MIC that makes the mobile device toadvertise its availability through reply voice message, ring tone,display, vibrating etc. i) The system may helps the searching user toeasily locate the mobile device with voice command that works even in adark environment instead of turning on the lights and to find the out ofsight device with device automatically responding to users voicecommands. The voice commands are either pre configured or userconfigured or its combinations. j) In scenarios user not available inmobile device environment and out of scope from sensor system, thesystem interoperates with other ambient intelligent systems comprisingof ambient intelligent system of home & office, wired & wirelessnetworks etc to detect and alert the user in right place. k) The systemalso smartly turns off the out of scope cameras & sensors based onnature of trigger signal from property sensing sensors to save batterypower.
 33. The sensor system said in claim 22, are utilised to alert theuser regarding the unattended incoming calls, mails, messages, meeting,to do note, schedule task, alarm, critical situations etc once the usertakes or moves the mobile device that leads to change in property ofdevice environment, location, altitude etc. a) The system utilisesproperty sensing sensors, magnetometer and location or positioningsystems thereby sensing the change parameters comprising of property ofenvironment, direction and location that occurs once the device is takenor moved by the user. b) The system works with preconfigured settingsand user configured settings. c) The system alerts the user throughdisplay, ring tone, voice alert or message.
 34. The sensor system saidin claim 22, are utilised to alert the user to protect the mobile devicewhen exposed to extreme temperature, moisture and humidity beyond thedevice operating range ultimately to prevent damage a) The systemutilises one or more temperature, moisture and humidity sensor. b) Thesystem works with preconfigured settings and user configured settings.c) The system alerts the user through display, ring tone, vibrating,voice alert, messages and calls with location or position information.In scenarios user not available in mobile device environment and out ofscope from sensor system, the system interoperates with other ambientintelligent systems comprising of ambient intelligent system of home &office, wired & wireless networks to detect and alert the user in rightplace.
 35. The sensor system said in claim 22, is utilised by smartactive mobile device protection system to protects and tracks the mobiledevice in real-time from unauthorised access or theft by alerting themobile user a) Enabled device protection system sense the change insensor system parameters, scans & senses the current sensor systemstatus and expects or awaits for the change in status, acknowledging theuser once the system is active after configuration for the user to moveon. b) Sensor system parameters are selected form one or combination ofchange in property of device environment, orientation, position,location, direction, altitude, touch screen, power switch, keys, hard orsoft buttons. c) Once a change in sensor system status is detected thesystem expects & awaits for authentication which should be completedwithin the set time as per the user pre configuration. On successfulcompletion of authentication the system won't alert, but if notauthenticated the system will start alerting and perform furtheroperations as per configuration. d) Authentication methods & typescomprise of password or pin, touch screen input & gestures, figureprint, voice recognition, face & Iris recognition. e) The systemcomprises of provision for preconfigured and user configurable timesettings to set time between disturbed time and authenticating time. f)Alerting types & tracking comprise of ringing, vibrating, illuminating,SMS, MMS, call, mail, active location tracking, online Web tracking,dedicated tracking application, unauthorised figure print tracking,voice, iris & face tracking, photo & video tracking, alerting throughwireless device comprising of headset, watch and ring. According to userconfiguration the information or parameters collected in period ofunauthorised access is locally saved and sent to & saved inpreconfigured locations for further processing. Tracking information'sare optimised according to the communication system and its channelcapacity. In scenarios user not available in mobile device environmentand out of scope from sensor system, the system interoperates with otherambient intelligent systems comprising of ambient intelligent system ofhome & office, wired & wireless networks to detect and alert the user inright place. g) Even after alerting if the system cannot grab theattention of the user the application works in hidden mode to turn on &track with camera, mic, touch screen, unauthorised finger print, activelocation or position, voice, face & Iris tracking to monitor theactivity of unauthorised access locally and with actively &automatically updating the activities & collected information's topreconfigured storage locations and other configured devices. Theprotection system collects information E.g. figure print, voice, photo,video etc as per configuration between disturbed time and authenticatingtime may also be temporarily stored and deleted if the authentication issuccessful, but if not successful it is utilised for further tracking.Once the actual mobile user sense unauthorised access or theft, the userutilises the tracking information to for further action. h) The systemutilise user interface application that interact with the user for theconfiguration of the device protection system. The system comprise ofprovision for activating & configuring through application software andthrough profile selection. The system utilise standard predefinedconfigurations and with provision to configure the parameters accordingto user requirement comprising of type of sensor system parameters,sensitivity of sensor system, authentication types, alerting methods,timing configurations, hidden mode, activation of camera & mic fortracking, position & location tracking live tracking of device, webtracking, SMS, MMS, MAIL, call, ring tone selection & volume levels,vibrator, location and other devices for active tracking and storingcollected information. System comprise of provision form simplepredefined to highly configurable user interface. i) Activatedprotection system sense the unauthorised access with authenticationfailed or not authenticated and will continue alerting as perpre-configuration irrespective of the device turned off & on, batteryremoved & replaced, irrespective of change in SIM card, without SIM cardby automatically trying all other possible communication systems &connects with feasible communication system for continuous tracking andalerting. In addition to mobile communication the system tries allpossible communication systems & connects with feasible communicationsystem for continuous tracking and alerting. System provides trackinginformation of device without mobile communication feature. j) From themoment of unauthorised access the activated system collects informationand monitors the lost device with location information. The positioninginformation provided by the system is correlated with maps in real-timeto actively and more precisely track the location of the mobile devicewith dedicated application and online web tracking. k) Protection systemwith provision for failed authentication recovery configuration which isuser configurable and utilised by actual mobile user to stop alertingand restoring the system. In the mean time of authentication andrecovery the system provides limited access to other device functionsexpect for failed authentication recovery. The information collectedbetween disturbed time and authenticating time is temporarily stored anddeleted on successful authentication and if not successful utilised forfurther tracking. l) Protection system works in application level,operating system level and hardware level according to design andconfiguration to prevent unauthorised system restore. In case of deviceswitched off by unauthorised access the system with user configurableprovision initiate auto turn on function with hidden mode for trackingin background and continue with alerting. Hardware level protection andonline authentication is utilised by the system to prevent theunauthorised protection system restore through operating system andsoftware reset. Protection system comprise of provision to configure andmonitor through secure remote access from other devices. Protectionsystem comprise of provision to automatically enable in case if themobile device is placed in prolonged ideal state with time configured bythe user. m) As the system works for device protection high priorityinterrupts are be assigned for signal processing. n) The activatedsystem also sense and act according to preset and user configurationsfor incoming call, sms, mms, mail, chatting.
 36. The mobile device saidin claim 21, comprise of smart radiation pattern optimising system thatworks utilising artificial intelligence & neural network for sensing &learning the usage scenarios to act accordingly.
 37. The mobile devicesaid in claim 21, where the system is designed with actively tunableelectromagnetic screen capable of dynamically controlling and optimisingthe radiations from antenna in corresponding directions that works basedon sensor system parameters, signal quality, operating modes and usagescenarios to protect the user by forming tuneable electromagnetic shadowon user facing direction is either fabricated on printed circuitboard(PCB) or incorporated on device casing.
 38. The mobile device saidin claim 21, where in the system works with devices comprising of mobilecell phone, cordless phones, walky talkie, laptops, satellite phones,gaming devices, IP phones with form factor of the device selected formgroup consisting of bar, slate, flip, slider, swivel, flexible, watch,transparent, tablet and mixed type.
 39. The mobile device said in claim21, where the system works with devices that are with or without, one ormulti SIM provision and virtual SIM.
 40. The system said in claim 21,where the system works with wireless technologies comprising of mobilecommunication, Bluetooth, Wi-Pi, WiMax, ZigBee communication systemswith modes of the device in master/slave architecture, infrastructure,peer to peer or one to one, adhoc, wireless mesh network. The systemworks with communication systems ranging from short to intermediate tolong range.